In the context of engines, what does "torque" refer to?

Torque refers to the rotational force generated by the engine, which is critical in determining how effectively an engine can perform work. It is a measure of the engine's ability to turn or rotate the drive shaft, ultimately impacting the vehicle's acceleration and towing capacity. Higher torque values generally indicate that the engine can deliver more power at lower speeds, which is especially important for tasks like hauling heavy loads or climbing hills.

In contrast to the other options, torque is distinct from engine speed, which relates to how fast the engine is operating (often measured in RPMs). Fuel consumption measures the efficiency of an engine but does not directly relate to the physical force produced by the engine. Similarly, engine compression refers to the pressure generated in the combustion chamber, which is critical for ignition and efficiency but is not the same as the rotating force the engine produces. Thus, understanding torque is essential for interpreting an engine's performance characteristics.